$ top
2. to kill a process from top menu
$ kill processID
3.exit from an existing menu
$q
4.clear screen
$ clear
5.killing a process from command promt
$ pkill -9 processname (kill dile kernel er kase request, but pkill -9 is force command)
pkill -SIGKILL processname(9 is the id of SIGKILL)
6a). list of every files in the current directory
ls filename
6b). list of files with the permission
$ ls -l filename
7.running a jar file form command prompt using the stack size and other sizes
$ java -jar Xms256m Xmx256m Xss64m ./jarname.jar
8. copy a folder from desktop to pendrive
$ cp -r /home/user12/Desktop/foldername /home/media/
-r stand for recursively copying all the files in the folder
9. unzip a zip file
unzip -x zipfilename.zip
10. adding environment variable
following to commands sets ARCHDIR and PATH environmental variables for nachos
export ARCHDIR=/home/mar343/mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc
export PATH=/home/mar343/mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc:$PATH
11. change permission of the file
$ chmod 644 profile
this will give the read/write permission to the user and read permission to group and other users
12. copy files from a remote host
$ scp aladin@uranus.cs.drexel.edu:/Users/aladin/data/a.png /Users/reza/Desktop/
It will prompt for password for the remote user name.
To do recursively add -r after scp.
13. renaming a folder
$ mv oldname newname
14. List all the installed packages:
$ dpkg --list
list all the installed packages
dpkg --list | less
list all the installed packages with scolling up down and side navigation help allowed by less command
dpkg --list | grep -i 'http'
15. grep
General Regular ExpressionP
grep apple fin.txt: will find all the lines in the text file fin.txt that has apple in it.
grep -i apple fin.txt: will do the same thing and find all upper lower letter version of apple in fin.txt
grep -w apple *.txt will find apple as a word in all the text file in current directory.
16. | pipe command
connect multiple command
17. directory size information
$ du directoryName
$ du -c directoryName[summary of the total sizes in the end]
$ du -h directoryName[human readable form G=gigabyte M=megabyte K=kilobyte]
$ du -h -max-depth=1 /home/reza
18. Adding package name in environment variable:
$ export ROS_PACKAGE_PATH=~/ros/stacks/jsk_common:$ROS_PACKAGE_PATH
NOTICE: environment variable ROS_PACKAGE_PATH gets the value first. Then we add the old value of ROS_PACKAGE_PATH using the ':' operator. Value of environment variable is found by the $ character.
19. Changing the default editor:
- open up the .bashrc file. vi ~/.bashrc
- append the following line: export editor='gedit'
DON'T FORGET that you can always get the home directory just by writing '~/'. You don't have to write the tedious path '/home/your_name/'.
20. cpu information:
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
21. find the file you are looking for:
$ locate libpng
22. find the string inside the library
$ strings /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
Here I was looking for strings with prefix GLIBCXX
23. Memory usage:
egrep --color 'Mem|Cache|Swap' /proc/meminfo 24. Memory usage
$ date; free -m
25. Video from images using ffmpeg
ffmpeg -r 24 -b 16777216 -i /home/luke/scenes/nodeParameters/preview/preview%05d.png /home/luke/Desktop/test.mp4
better reference
ffmpeg -r 10 -start_number 1 -i %04d.png -vframes 250 dining_room_0022.mp4
-r : rate eg, 10 frames per sec here
-start_number: frame 1
-vframes: how many frames
26. Images from Video ffmpeg
$ ffmpeg -i manhattan_test1.wmv test%03d.jpg
reference
27. Day information of the year/month/day
$ date -d 2013-02-20
Answer: Wed Feb 20 00:00:00 EST 2013
28. Brace to create a copy for later reference.
$ cp -pv american_breakfast_at_SFO.odt{,-orig}
29. create a password hash string.
$ mkpasswd -m SHA-512
30. Use your webcam as a mirror using mplayer
$ mplayer -vf mirror -v tv:// -tv device=/dev/video0:driver=v4l2
31. File name with .odt extention
du -a | egrep '\.(odt)$'
32. extracting a .tgz file:
$ tar -xvf model.tgz
dont use tar -zxvf model.tgz
33. watching the copying file to the DEST folder
$ watch ls -l /DEST/
reference
34. Mounting the drive
$ sudo /bin/bash
$ ls /media/
$ mkdir /media/disk
$ mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sda2 /media/disk -o force
Reference
35. Root access to the drive when running Ubuntu from the livecd(eg usb drive)
$ gksudo nautilus
Reference
36. single pdf from multiple docs
$ pdftk 0.pdf Md_Reza_1.pdf 2.pdf Md_Reza_3.pdf cat output Md_Reza_output.pdf
37. Change default wifi connection auto-connect:
1. choose the edit connections from the wifi icon top right. 2. select the wireless connection. 3. check the box connect automatically and for all users options and save. 4. deselect any other wifi connection whose above boxes are selected similarly.
38. snap a photo:
use vlc-player. Other options are: install software 'cheese'
39. un-installing the some libraries.
http://www.wikihow.com/Uninstall-Ubuntu-Software
40. find the installed lib* file:
$ locate libxml
41. find the file with some prefix/suffix inside some directory:
$ find . -name '*joydeep*' |xargs -0 grep 'joydeep'
grep : ./papers/valeso_joydeep_icra2012_kinectLocalization.pdf
./papers/valeso_joydeep_polygon_merging_iros2012_planes.pdf
Reference
42. ps to pdf convert:
$ ps2pdf la.ps
43. root filemanger access to all volumes
$ gksudo nautilus
43. change user ownership of the mounted file system
$ sudo chown your_user_name:your_user_name /media/New\ Volume
44.hardware details
$ sudo lshw file a.png
a.png: PNG image data, 100 x 80, 8-bit grayscale, non-interlaced
46.changing forgotten password for ubuntu user account.
- get the grub menu (not exactly sure which button worked, ideally it should be holding the SHIFT key)
- enter recovery mode
- pick the option 'drop to root shell prompt'
- mount -o remount, rw / (mount the file system as read-write mode)
- chmod 640 /etc/shadow
- passwd USERNAME
- choose the new password
47. uncompressing a *.7z zipped file
install p7
$ sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
then uncompress using
$ 7za x matio.7z
48. trim the directory display info in terminal
PROMPT_DIRTRIM=149. add the file path from ~/.bashrc into PATH environment variable
$ source ~/.bashrc50. deleting installed app: Open the synaptic package manager and search for the google earth package. Mark the package for complete removal and select apply.
alternately, open the .deb file you will be shown the uninstaller button.
51. changing the column number and row number of the terminal.
$ stty columns 160 rows 50
52. OpenGL version
$ glxinfo | grep "OpenGL version"53. switch user:
$ su mreza
Reference
54. cuda supported gpu:
$ lspci | grep -i nvidia
55. supported version of linux:
$ uname -m && cat /etc/*release
56. linux kernel version:
$ uname -r
57. noveau present:
$lsmod | grep nouveau
If returns anything then it is present
58. Forcing to install something from .deb file after encountering error
$sudo dpkg -i teamviewer_*.deb
=>Errors were encountered while processing: teamviewer:i386
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install -f
59. mount/umount:
Reference: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/mount-drive-from-command-line-ubuntu-linux/
60. rsync (remote versatile remote copying) (shows progress of copying 'cp' doesn't have --verbose mode)
$rsync -ah --progress source destinationReference:
61. shutdown
$ sudo poweroff
or
$ sudo shutdown -p (shuts down now)
62. selecting 'lightdm' display manager over 'gdm3'
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm
63. discovering bluetooth
reference:
reference:
64. change password
$sudo passwd user
65. changing gcc version
https://askubuntu.com/questions/26498/choose-gcc-and-g-version
66. version of the linux:
how-to-check-os-version-in-linux-command-line
67. remove suppressing command
$rm -rf ~/work/matlab
flag r: recursive
flag f: force warnings
68. file count in current directory
$ ls -l | wc -l
69. "I think our server support p2p, but it's a little tricky. You can use this command to download torrent:"
$aria2c --file-allocation=none --torrent-file=yourTorrentFile.torrent --listen-port=XXXX
"For large files you will need --file-allocation=none flag to prevent pre-allocating space otherwise, it will freeze the whole server (not sure why).
Using an unused port with --listen-port flag."
70. copy by excluding a particular folder
$rsync -av --progress /SOURCE/PSMNet/* /DEST/PSMNet/ --exclude trained
71.
71.
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